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Technical Guide

Honey viscosity — by variety, by temperature.

Honey viscosity is highly variable. It depends on floral type, temperature, moisture content, crystallisation state and — for some honeys — shear history. Use the tool below to compare typical ranges. These are indicative guide values, not certified specifications.

Step 1 — Pick a honey
Step 2 — Temperature
20°C
10°C cold store20°C ambient35°C warm45°C hot
Estimated viscosity
Manuka (thixotropic)
at 20°C · approx. 16–18% moisture
40,000100,000
cP (apparent, at rest)
Very slow flow — heat or agitate before pumping

Gel-like at rest, becomes more fluid when stirred or pumped. Values are apparent viscosity at rest.

Thixotropic behaviour: the value above is apparent viscosity at rest. Under agitation or pumping, effective viscosity can fall by an order of magnitude. Always test under actual process conditions.
Comparison

Every variety at 20°C, side by side.

Bar shows the typical range. Move the slider above to see how the ranking changes with temperature.

Acacia
6k12k cP
Clover
8k15k cP
Orange blossom
8k16k cP
Wildflower / mixed blossom
10k25k cP
Chestnut
12k25k cP
Rapeseed (liquid, pre-set)
10k30k cP
Honeydew (pine / fir / forest)
15k40k cP
Manuka (thixotropic)
40k100k cP
Heather / Calluna (thixotropic)
50k150k cP
Standard liquid Thick / honeydew Thixotropic (apparent, at rest)

Units and conversion

Honey viscosity is commonly expressed in Pa·s, mPa·s or centipoise (cP). The conversion is straightforward:

1 Pa·s = 1,000 mPa·s = 1,000 cP

A honey with a viscosity of 14 Pa·s is therefore approximately 14,000 cP.

Why temperature matters

Warming honey drops its viscosity sharply — often by a factor of ten between 20°C and 40°C. Measured data on a blended flower honey shows:

TemperatureViscosity
20°C14,095 cP
30°C3,873 cP
40°C1,347 cP

Heat should be controlled carefully. Excessive heat exposure damages aroma, colour and enzyme activity.

Moisture content matters too

Two honeys of the same floral type can handle very differently at different moisture levels. Published data on cotton honey illustrates the effect:

MoistureViscosity at 25°CViscosity at 40°C
15%23,405 cP3,779 cP
17%8,064 cP1,568 cP
19%4,076 cP883 cP
21%2,541 cP612 cP

Newtonian vs. thixotropic honeys

Most clear liquid honeys behave approximately as Newtonian fluids — viscosity is controlled mainly by temperature and composition, and does not change greatly with shear rate.

Some honeys are non-Newtonian or thixotropic. They become less viscous when stirred, pumped or agitated, and thicken again on standing. The most important examples are:

  • Manuka honey — gel-like at rest, more fluid when worked.
  • Heather / Calluna honey — strongly thixotropic; jelly-like when undisturbed.
  • Buckwheat honey and some high-colloid or protein-rich honeys.

For these, the correct term is apparent viscosity, because measurement depends on shear rate, agitation history and rest time.

Processing and filling design ranges

Standard liquid honeys (Acacia, Clover, Wildflower, Orange Blossom)

ConditionDesign viscosity
Warm filling at 35–40°C1,000–5,000 cP
Ambient filling at 20–25°C8,000–30,000 cP
Cold handling at 10–15°C25,000–75,000 cP

Thick / honeydew honeys (Chestnut, Honeydew, low-moisture)

ConditionDesign viscosity
Warm filling at 35–40°C2,000–8,000 cP
Ambient filling at 20–25°C15,000–40,000 cP
Cold handling at 10–15°C50,000–100,000+ cP

Manuka and Heather honeys

ConditionDesign apparent viscosity
Warm / agitated filling at 35–40°C5,000–20,000 cP
Ambient handling at 20–25°C40,000–150,000+ cP
Cold / rested at 10–15°C100,000+ cP

Recommended specification wording

The equipment should be capable of handling honey with a viscosity range of approximately 1,000–5,000 cP at 35–40°C for standard warmed liquid honeys, and up to 25,000–40,000 cP at 20–25°C for ambient liquid honeys. For Manuka, Heather, honeydew, low-moisture or partially crystallised honeys, the system should be assessed for apparent viscosities of 100,000 cP or higher, especially under cold or rested conditions.

Where exact performance is required, viscosity should be measured on the specific honey using a calibrated viscometer at the intended operating temperature.

Notes on accuracy

All values on this page are indicative technical guides for equipment selection and process design. Natural honey varies substantially from batch to batch based on floral source, region, harvest and moisture. For contract specifications or engineering calculations, request a batch-specific Certificate of Analysis or commission viscometry against the actual honey.